This report focuses on research studying China’s re-emergence as a major player in human resource cooperation with Africa. China has been widely analysed, as an investor in the developing world, including very substantially in infrastructure and extractive industries in Africa. However, there has been little examination of China’s key role in education and training cooperation, or in soft power with Africa. China’s education cooperation with Africa goes back to the 1950s, but this paper focuses particularly on the last 20 years, and especially the period since the start of the formal Sino-African triennial conferences through the Forum for China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) in 2000.