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Document Library

Changing Children’s Lives: Risks and Opportunities
Document Library
January 3, 2015

Children’s development and well-being are significantly influenced by their family and community environment, with poor and marginalised children facing a heavier burden of risk. This paper summarises emerging findings from the Young Lives longitudinal study of childhood poverty in Ethiopia, the state of Andhra Pradesh in India, Peru and Vietnam. It examines how children’s development is… Read more

Childhood Environments, developing countries, Early Childhood Development
Colombia: Early childhood development – SABER Country Report 2013
Document Library
January 3, 2015

This report presents an analysis of the Early Childhood Development (ECD) programs and policies that affect young children in Colombia and recommendations to move forward. This report is part of a series of reports prepared by the World Bank using the SABER- ECD framework and includes analysis of early learning, health, nutrition and social and… Read more

Early Childhood Development, Health, Learning
Nutrition
Height in mid childhood and psychosocial competencies in late childhood: Evidence from four developing countries
Document Library
December 10, 2014

We use longitudinal data from children growing up in four developing countries (Peru, India, Vietnam, Ethiopia) to study the relationship between height at the age of 7–8 and a set of psychosocial competencies measured at the age of 11–12 that are known to be correlated with earnings during adulthood: self-efficacy, self-esteem and aspirations. Results show… Read more

Ethiopia, Height, India, Non-cognitive skills, Peru, Psychosocial competencies, undernutrition, Vietnam
Breastfeeding and School Achievement in Brazilian Adolescents
Document Library
December 9, 2014

Aim: To assess the effect of breastfeeding duration on school achievement in a Brazilian cohort. Methods: In a population-based birth cohort, we analysed the highest grade achieved in school of over 2000 male 18-y-olds relative to breastfeeding information collected in early life. Analyses were adjusted for birthweight, family income, maternal and paternal schooling, household assets, number… Read more

Adolescents, Brazil, Breastfeeding, Education
Limitations in verbal fluency following heavy burdens of early childhood diarrhoea in Brazilian shantytown children
Document Library
December 9, 2014

The effects of heavy burdens of diarrhea in the first 2 years of life on specific executive control function like verbal fluency are not well understood. In previous studies, we have shown associations of early childhood diarrhea (ECD) with nonverbal intelligence and school functioning. Therefore, we postulated that ECD might affect early neuropsychological development leading… Read more

Early Childhood Development, early childhood diarrhea
Water and Sanitation
Hand Washing Among School Children in Bogotá, Colombia
Document Library
December 5, 2014

Objectives. We assessed hand-washing behaviors and intentions among school children in Bogotá, Colombia, to help identify and overcome barriers to proper hygiene practices. Methods. Data on hand-washing behavior and intentions and individual and contextual factors were collected from 2042 sixth- through eighth-grade students in 25 schools in Bogotá via anonymous questionnaires. A member of the… Read more

Colombia, Hand-washing, Hygiene
Education
Childhood growth, schooling, and cognitive development: further evidence from the Young Lives study
Document Library
December 2, 2014

Background: A growing literature has linked early childhood growth to later-life cognition and schooling outcomes in developing countries. Although existing evidence suggests that children’s ability to recover from early growth delays in later childhood is limited, longitudinal studies on the persistence and risk of growth faltering beyond age 5 y remain scarce. Objective: Using longitudinal… Read more

Early Childhood Development
Education
Subsidized childcare and child development in Colombia: effects of Hogares Comunitarios de Bienestar as a function of timing and length of exposure
Document Library
December 2, 2014

Rigorous evidence regarding the impact of early care and education on children’s development comes primarily from high-income nations. A few studies from Latin America and the Caribbean have identified benefits of conditional cash transfer and home visiting programs on children’s development. However, there is still controversy around the impact and cost-effectiveness of childcare approaches. Further… Read more

Childcare, Early Childhood Development
Education
Equity and quality? Challenges for early childhood and primary education in Ethiopia, India and Peru
Document Library
October 31, 2014

Part of the “Studies in Early Transitions” series, this Working Paper draws on interviews and observations carried out as part of Young Lives, a 15-year longitudinal study of childhood poverty in Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam based at the University of Oxford’s Department of International Development. This paper focuses on the challenges of translating into… Read more

Children, Early Childhood Development
Growth improvements in children above 3 years of age: the Cali study
Document Library
October 29, 2014

The Cali Study involved the random assignment of 301 malnourished children to be exposed to one (CT1, n = 113), two (CT2, n = 64), three (CT3, n = 62) or four (CT4, n = 62) 9-mo periods of a multifocal day care-based intervention (i.e., education, health and nutrition). The ages at which the intervention… Read more

Children, Colombia, Nutrition
Childcare and parental leave
Document Library
October 29, 2014

This issue of Challenges examines the progress made thus far on childcare leave for parents—mothers and fathers— and turns a spotlight on pending debts in this regard. Few legislative or practical measures exist for satisfying the many types of early childhood care needs, and inequalities of origin are still rife. In order to meet those… Read more

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HEART is a consortium of leading organisations in international development, health, nutrition, water and sanitation, education, and social protection. We work together to support the use of evidence and expert advice in policy-making.

HEART helps time-pressured decision-makers better understand, interpret and apply evidence. Our knowledge and consultancy services are tailored to support policy decisions and we respond rapidly to requests for assistance as they arise.

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